NBC Universal, Inc.; Universal City Studios LLLP v. Junak Kwon

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NBC Universal, Inc., Universal City Studios LLLP ´ë

Junak Kwon

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Also Available in PDF: D2004-0764

1. ´ç»çÀÚ

½ÅûÀÎ: (1) NBC Universal, Inc., New York, NY,

United States of America, (2) Universal City Studios LLLP, Universal City,

CA, United States of America.

½ÅûÀÎÀÇ ´ë¸®ÀÎ: Donovan & Yee, LLP, United States

of America

ÇǽÅûÀÎ: Junak Kwon, ¾È¾ç½Ã, °æ±âµµ, ´ëÇѹα¹.

2. µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§ ¹× µî·Ï±â°ü

ºÐÀïÀÇ ´ë»óÀÌ µÈ µµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§Àº <nbcuniversal.com>ÀÌ°í, ºÐÀïµµ¸ÞÀÎÀ̸§Àº HANGANG Systems Inc.

dba Doregi.com¿¡ µî·ÏµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Ù.

3. ÇàÁ¤ÀýÂ÷°³¿ä

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4. »ç½Ç°ü°è

National Broadcasting Company, Inc.´Â ¡°NBC¡±¶ó´Â ¸íĪÀ¸·Î ³Î¸® ¾Ë·ÁÁø ¹Ìµð¾î ¹× ¿£ÅÍÅ×ÀθÕÆ® ±â¾÷À¸·Î¼­ 2004³â 5¿ù 11ÀÏ Vivendi Universal Entertainment ¹× ±× ÀÚȸ»çÀÎ Universal City Studios LLLPÀÇ

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Ik-Hyun Seo

ÆгÎÀ§¿ø

ÀÏÀÚ: 2004³â 12¿ù 23ÀÏ

OPINION

OF SIR IAN BARKER

A.

Language of the Proceeding

On

September 23, 2004, the Registrar advised the Center that the language of

the registration agreement was Korean. The Complainant had

alleged in its complaint that English was the language of the agreement. This was a reasonable assumption since (a) the Registrar¡¯s

form of agreement was posted on the Registrar¡¯s website in the English language

and (b) there is nothing in that agreement which requires use of any other

language by a registrant.

Despite

representations to the contrary from the Complainant¡¯s lawyers, the Center

required the Complainant to have the Complainant translated into Korean following

the registrar¡¯s confirmation that the language of the domain name registration

agreement selected by the Respondent was Korean and the Respondent¡¯s communication

by e-mail that he does not consent to English as the language of the proceedings.

Despite being served with a Korean version of the complaint the Respondent

filed no response.

I

was chosen as a Panelist by the Center from a list of three provided by the

Complainant pursuant to Paragraph 7 of the UDRP Rules. The others were

well-known Panelists from the United Kingdom and the United States.

I doubt whether either of the other nominees would speak or read Korean.

I am certainly unable to do so. It was reasonable, in my view, for the

Complainant, when seeking a three-member panel, to nominate three English-speaking

Panelists.

Under

Paragraph 11 of the UDRP Rules, the language of the administrative proceedings,

absent agreement by the parties, is that of the registration agreement, unless

the Panel decides otherwise.

I

respectfully disagree with the opinion of the majority that Korean should

be the language of the proceedings. In my view there are the following

reasons that require English.

(a)

The Respondent demonstrated some facility with the English language in his

email communications to the Center.

(b)

The disputed domain name includes a word in the English language (universal)

and clearly relates to companies in an English-speaking country.

(c)

The content on the Respondent¡¯s website is in English and shows that he may

communicate his views in that language.

(d)

The fact that the Respondent has filed no response even to the Korean complaint.

Numerous

WIPO decisions indicate that the intention of Paragraph 11 is to ensure fairness

in the selection of language, the expenses to be incurred and the delay caused

by translations.

A similar situation to the present arose in International Data Group Inc.

v Lingjun, WIPO Case No. D2004-0398.

The Panelist there said:

¡°Thus

the general rule is that the parties are at liberty to agree on the language

of the administrative proceeding. In the absence of this agreement,

the language of the Registration Agreement shall dictate the language of the

proceeding. However, the Panel reserves the right to decide otherwise

having regard to the circumstances of the case. The Panel¡¯s discretion

must be exercised in the spirit of fairness and justice to both parties taking

into consideration matters such as command of the language, time and costs.

It is important that the language finally decided by the Panel for the proceeding

must not be prejudicial to either of the parties in his or her abilities to

articulate the arguments for the case.

In

this particular case, the contents of the website that bears the disputed

domain names are all in English. It is a reasonable assumption to make

that the Respondent is sufficiently well-versed in the language in order to

conduct his business over the website in English. If he is not, there

were ample opportunities for the Respondent to raise his objections on the

choice of language, but he has made no response whether on the issue of the

language of the proceeding or the allegations contained in the complaint lodged

by the Complainant. To rule that he language of the proceedings is Chinese

would cause substantial delay in the proceedings and result in the complainant

incurring unnecessary costs. Therefore, in consideration of the above

circumstances and in the interest of fairness to both parties, the Panel hereby

decides that in accordance to Paragraph 11 of the Rules, English shall be

the language of the present administrative proceeding.¡±

The

above case is different from the present in that the Respondent there, unlike

here, made no representation on the question of language of the proceedings.

I agree with the Panelist about the relevance of the language of the website

in deciding the language of the proceeding and also with the consideration

of extra cost imposed on a Complainant in having to have translations made.

A case where the registration agreement was in Korean but where the parties

had corresponded in English with the Respondent demonstrating an ability to

understand and communicate in English, is Deutsche Messe AG v. Kim Hyungho,

WIPO Case No. D2003-0679. There

the Panel determined that English be the language of the proceeding on condition

that the Respondent be permitted to submit documents and submissions in Korean.

There was, also in that case, a small website in English using the disputed

domain name.

A case where the complaint (as here) was originally prepared in English but

filed in Korean is Amazon.com v. Kim Yoon-Jo, WIPO

Case No. D2003-0774. There the Respondent filed no Response and

the Complainant was not able to communicate in Korean. In the interests

of fairness, the three-member Panel decided that English should be the language

of the proceedings and not Korean, the language of the registration agreement.

The Panel nevertheless considered any Korean documents submitted by the Respondent.

A similar decision was made in Groupe Industriel Marcel Dassault, Dassault

Aviation v. Mr. Minwoo Park, WIPO Case

No. D2003-0989, in these words:

¡°The

complaint was filed in the English language. The Respondent asserts

that all document in this dispute resolution proceeding should be filed in the Korean language, which

was the language of the registration agreement for the Domain Name, whereas

the Complainant asserts that English should be the language of the proceeding.

According

to Paragraph 11 of the Rules, the language of the administrative proceeding

shall be the language of the registration agreement unless the Panel decides

otherwise. The spirit of Paragraph 11 is to ensure fairness in the selection

of language by giving full consideration to the parties¡¯ level of comfort

with each language, the expenses to be incurred and the possibility of delay

in the proceeding in the event translations are required and other relevant

factors.

In

the present case, even if the registration agreement for the Domain Name was

made in the Korean language, it is apparent from the written communications

exchanged among the parties that the Respondent seems to have little difficulty

in communicating in the English language. The English used by the Respondent

in his letters demonstrates his ability to understand and communicate in English

without difficulty.

On

the other hand, the Complainant is not able to communicate in Korean and therefore, if the Complainant were required to submit all documents in Korean, the arbitration

proceeding will be unduly delayed and the Complainant would have to incur

substantial expenses for translation. Therefore, in consideration of

the above circumstances and in the interest of fairness to both parties, the

Panel hereby decides, under Paragraph 11 of the Rules, that English shall

be the language of administrative proceeding in this case. However,

based on the Panel¡¯s discretion, Korean language documents submitted, have

been reviewed by the Panel.¡±

All

these previous WIPO decisions, in this Panelist¡¯s view, favour English as

the language of the proceedings in the present case.

B.

Merits of Complaint

I agree with the majority that the complaint be allowed and transfer of the Disputed

Domain Name ordered. I have been supplied with a translation of the

operative part of the decision by the Presiding Panelist and I agree with

it.

The Disputed Domain Name is confusingly similar to the Complainant¡¯s

marks. The Respondent has no rights or legitimate interests. The

registration was made and continues in bad faith.

To my mind, this case of opportunistic cyber squatting is no different

from many similar cases where an individual has moved swiftly to register

the name of a new entity as soon as a merger of two large corporations has

been announced. The cases cited by the majority are examples.

One could also mention:

- Repsol YPF.S.A. v. Comn.com, WIPO

Case No. D2001-0741;

- SMS Demag AG v. Seung Gon, Kim, WIPO

Case No. D2000-1434;

- Pharmacia-Upjohn AB v. Monsantopharmacia, com. Inc, WIPO

Case No. D2000-0446;

- London Metal Exchange Limited v. Syed Hussain, WIPO

Case No. D2000-1388.

Sir Ian Barker

ÆгÎÀ§¿ø

Dated: December 23, 2004